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| ÀÛ¼ºÀÏ 2012-07-04 16:41:29 |
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For many of the millions of tourists who visit Amsterdam each year, the city's red light district with its famed prostitutes in windows, brothels and cannabis-selling coffee shops, is one of the main reasons to visit the Netherlands. ¸Å³â ³×´ú¶õµå ¾Ï½ºÅ׸£´ã¿¡ °ü±¤°´ ¼ö¹é¸¸ ¸íÀÌ ¸ô¸®´Â ÁÖ¿ä ÀÌÀ¯ Áß Çϳª, ¹Ù·Î È«µî°¡ÀÌ´Ù. À̰÷ ¡®Ã¢¹®Çü¡¯ ¼º¸Å¸Å ¾÷¼ÒÀÇ ¸ÅÃáºÎµé°ú ´ë¸¶Ãʸ¦ ÆÇ¸ÅÇÏ´Â Ä¿ÇǼóµéÀº ±× ¸í¼ºÀÌ ´ë´ÜÇÏ´Ù.
But to Amsterdam's city council, the warren of narrow streets in the historical core of Amsterdam is a platform for human trafficking, money laundering and tax evasion. ÇÏÁö¸¸ ¾Ï½ºÅ׸£´ã ½Ã(ã¼) ÀÇȸ´Â ¿ª»çÀûÀÎ µµ½Ã Á߽ɺο¡ ¹Ì·Îó·³ ¾ôÇô ÀÖ´Â Á¼Àº °Å¸®¸¶´Ù »ª»ªÈ÷ µé¾î¼± ¾÷¼ÒµéÀÌ ÀÎ½Å¸Å¸Å¿Í µ·¼¼Å¹, Å»¼¼°¡ ÀÌ·ïÁö´Â ÁÖ ¹«´ë¶ó°í º¸°í ÀÖ´Ù.
Warning there is a downside to Amsterdam's famed tolerance towards drugs and prostitution, the city government has embarked on an ambitious plan to clamp down on businesses related to these crimes and aims to attract higher-end businesses in its place. ½Ã ´ç±¹Àº ¾Ï½ºÅ׸£´ãÀÌ ¸¶¾à°ú ¸ÅÃá¿¡ ´ëÇØ °ü´ëÇϱâ·Î À¯¸íÇÑ °Í¿¡ ¹®Á¦°¡ ÀÖ´Ù°í °æ°íÇϸç, ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¹üÁ˵é°ú °ü·ÃµÈ »ç¾÷À» ´Ü¼ÓÇϰí À̰÷¿¡ ´õ ¼öÁØ ³ôÀº »ç¾÷À» À¯Ä¡Çϰڴٴ ¾ß½ÉÂù °èȹ¿¡ Âø¼öÇß´Ù.
The clean-up process is seeing the government revoking licenses from coffee shops, gambling houses and brothels as soon as evidence of links to criminal activities are found. µµ½Ã Á¤È °èȹ ÀýÂ÷¿¡ µû¶ó, ÇöÀç ´ç±¹Àº ¹üÁË È°µ¿°ú °ü·ÃµÈ Áõ°Å°¡ ¹ß°ßµÇ´Â Áï½Ã Ä¿ÇǼó, µµ¹ÚÀå, À±¶ô¾÷¼Ò¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Çã°¡¸¦ Ãë¼ÒÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù.
While critics of the plan, known as Project 1012 after the district's postal code, say the city main motive is trying to get more revenues, city officials say they want to fight women trafficking. À̰÷ ¿ìÆí¹øÈ£¸¦ µû ¡®ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ® 1012¡¯·Î ¸í¸íµÈ ÀÌ °èȹ¿¡ ´ëÇØ ºñÆÇÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷µéÀº ¡°½Ã ´ç±¹ÀÇ ÁÖ ¸ñÀûÀº ´õ ¸¹Àº ¼öÀÍÀ» âÃâÇÏ·Á´Â °Í¡±À̶ó°í ÁÖÀåÇÑ´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ ½Ã ´ç±¹Àº ¿©¼º ÀνŸŸŸ¦ »Ñ¸® »Ì´Â °ÍÀÌ ¸ñÀûÀ̶ó°í ¸»ÇÑ´Ù.
"The women who used to work in these brothels get offered a project, a stepping-out program, to help them find another job, other profession. But the main effect will be that the sign post, which is above Amsterdam, so you're aware, if you want to traffic women, this is the place you can go. That sign post has to go away," said deputy Mayor Lodewijk Asscher, the man in charge of the project. #[·Îµ¥ºñÅ© ¾Æ½ºÇ㸣/¾Ï½ºÅ׸£´ã ºÎ½ÃÀå] ¡°À̰÷ À±¶ô¾÷¼Ò¿¡¼ ÀÏÇß´ø ¿©¼ºµé¿¡°Ô ¼º¸Å¸Å¸¦ ±×¸¸µÎµµ·Ï µµ¿ÍÁÖ´Â ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®¸¦ Á¦¾ÈÇß´Ù. À̵éÀÌ ´Ù¸¥ Á÷¾÷À» ãµµ·Ï µµ¿ÍÁÖ´Â ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ÀÌ´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ ¾Ï½ºÅ׸£´ã¿¡ ³»°É¸° Ç¥ÁöÆÇµéÀÌ »ç¶óÁú °Å¶ó´Â °Ô ÀÌ ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®ÀÇ °¡Àå Áß¿äÇÑ È¿°úÀÏ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¼º¸Å¸Å¸¦ ÇÏ°í ½ÍÀ» ¶§ À̰÷À¸·Î °¡¸é µÈ´Ù°í ¾Ë·ÁÁÖ´Â ±× Ç¥ÁöÆÇµéÀÌ »ç¶óÁ®¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.¡±
The move comes as a new law on prostitution makes its way through parliament. If it is enacted, it would raise the minimum age for sex workers to 21 from 18, require sex workers to pay tax on their earnings, and require them to be registered with the city. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¿òÁ÷ÀÓÀº ¼º¸Å¸Å¿Í °ü·ÃÇÑ »õ·Î¿î ¹ý¾ÈÀÌ ³×´ú¶õµå ÀÇȸ¿¡ »óÁ¤µÇ¸é¼ »ý°å´Ù. ÀÌ ¹ý·üÀÌ Á¦Á¤µÇ¸é ¼º¸Å¸Å¾÷ Á¾»çÀÚÀÇ ÃÖ¼Ò ¿¬·ÉÀÌ 18¼¼¿¡¼ 21¼¼·Î ³ô¾ÆÁö¸ç, ¼º¸Å¸Å¾÷ Á¾»çÀÚµéÀº ¼öÀÍ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¼¼±ÝÀ» ³»°í ½Ã¿¡ µî·ÏÀ» ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
It follows legislation earlier this year that will ban tourists from the country's coffee shops. ¾Õ¼ ¿ÃÇØ ÃÊ¿¡´Â °ü±¤°´ÀÇ ³×´ú¶õµå Ä¿ÇǼó ÃâÀÔÀ» ±ÝÇÏ´Â ¹ý·üÀÌ Á¦Á¤µÆ´Ù.
Started in 2009, the plan has seen the closure of some 106 windows in which sex workers would sit. On top of that, the plan aims to close 40 percent of the nearly 500 remaining window and shut down a third of the 76 coffee shops. 2009³â ½ÃÀÛµÈ µµ½Ã Á¤È °èȹÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇØ, ¼º¸Å¸Å¾÷ Á¾»çÀÚµéÀÌ ÀÏÇÏ´Â ¡®Ã¢¹®Çü¡¯ ¼º¸Å¸Å ¾÷¼Ò ¾à 106°³°¡ ¹®À» ´Ý¾Ò´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ ´ç±¹Àº ÇöÀç±îÁö ¿µ¾÷ ÁßÀÎ 500°³¿¡ ´ÞÇϴ â¹®Çü ¼º¸Å¸Å ¾÷¼ÒÀÇ 40%¿Í Ä¿ÇǼó 76°³ Áß 1/3À» Æó¼âÇÒ °èȹÀÌ´Ù.
Deputy Mayor Lodewijk Asscher, the man in charge of the project said the city hopes to attract higher-end investors to the area whom previously had been put off by the area's insalubrious reputation. ÀÌ ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®¸¦ ¸ÃÀº ·Îµ¥ºñÅ© ¾Æ½ºÇ㸣 ¾Ï½ºÅ׸£´ã ºÎ½ÃÀåÀº ¡°¾Ï½ºÅ׸£´ãÀÇ ÁöÀúºÐÇÑ À̹ÌÁö ¶§¹®¿¡ ÅõÀÚ¸¦ Æ÷±âÇß´ø ¼öÁØ ³ôÀº ÅõÀÚÀÚµéÀ» ´Ù½Ã ²ø¾îµéÀÌ´Â °ÍÀÌ ½Ã ´ç±¹ÀÇ ¸ñÇ¥¡±¶ó°í ¸»Çß´Ù.
In total, the city plans to attract some 800 million euros of private investment under the form of high-end bars, restaurants, cultural attraction, hotels, design workshops, and a new H&M flagship store. ¾Ï½ºÅ׸£´ã ½Ã ´ç±¹Àº °í±Þ ¼úÁý°ú ·¹½ºÅä¶û, ¹®ÈÀû ¸í¼Ò, È£ÅÚ, µðÀÚÀÎ ¿¬±¸¼Ò, H&M º»Á¡ µî¿¡ ´ëÇØ ÃÑ 8¾ï À¯·Î(ÇÑÈ ¾à 1Á¶1439¾ï ¿ø) ±Ô¸ðÀÇ ¹Î°£ ÅõÀÚ¸¦ À¯Ä¡ÇÒ °èȹÀÌ´Ù.
But social workers warn the continuous efforts to close down the windows will drive women underground and leave them more vulnerable to abuse. ÇÏÁö¸¸ »çȸº¹Áö»çµéÀº â¹®Çü ¼º¸Å¸Å ¾÷¼Ò¸¦ Æó¼âÇϱâ À§ÇÑ ³ë·ÂÀÌ °è¼ÓµÉ¼ö·Ï ¼º¸Å¸Å ¿©¼ºµéÀº À½Áö·Î ¸ô¸± °ÍÀ̸ç, Çд뿡 ´õ Ãë¾àÇØÁú °Å¶ó°í °æ°íÇÑ´Ù.
"He is making a huge mistake to see prostitution as human trafficking so it's impossible for him and his colleagues to look at sex workers as independent women that choose to do it themselves. If he wants to do something for them, he has to give them the possibility to stand up for their rights and to improve their position and he's not helping them at all by taking away the working places and victimizes them," said Mariska Majoor, a former sex worker who runs the private Prostitution Information Centre in the heart of the neighbourhood. ¾Ï½ºÅ׸£´ã Á߽ɺο¡¼ ¹Î°£ ¼º¸Å¸Å Á¤º¸¼¾Å͸¦ ¿î¿µÇϰí ÀÖ´Â ÀüÁ÷ ¼º¸Å¸Å ¿©¼º ¸¶¸®½ºÄ« ¸¶¿ä¸£ ¾¾ÀÇ ¸»ÀÌ´Ù. ¡°ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ® ´ã´çÀÚ´Â ¼º¸Å¸Å¸¦ ÀνŸŸŷΠ¿©±â´Â Áß´ëÇÑ ½Ç¼ö¸¦ ÀúÁö¸£°í ÀÖ´Ù. ½Ã ´ç±¹Àº ¼º¸Å¸Å ¿©¼ºÀ» ½º½º·Î Á÷¾÷À» ÅÃÇÑ µ¶¸³ÀûÀÎ ¿©¼ºÀ¸·Î¼ ¹Ù¶óº¸Áö ¸øÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù. ½Ã ´ç±¹ÀÌ ¼º¸Å¸Å¾÷ Á¾»çÀÚµéÀ» À§ÇØ ¹«¾ð°¡¸¦ ÇØÁÖ°í ½Í´Ù¸é, ±×µéÀÇ ±Ç¸®¸¦ ¹Ù·Î ¼¼¿ì°í ÁöÀ§¸¦ Çâ»ó½Ãų ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °¡´É¼ºÀ» Áà¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ´ç±¹Àº ¼º¸Å¸Å ¿©¼ºµéÀÇ ÀÏÀÚ¸®¸¦ »©¾Ñ°í ¼ÕÇØ¸¦ ³¢Ä¡¸é¼ ÀüÇô µµ¿òÀ» ÁÖÁö ¾Ê°í ÀÖ´Ù.¡±
Majoor became a sex worker in Amsterdam at the age of 16. Now 44, she points out that with fewer windows to go around, sex workers are faced with either paying higher window rents or move into the more dangerous, isolated world of working from home or on the street. ¸¶¿ä¸£ ¾¾´Â ¿¿©¼¸ »ì ¶§ ¾Ï½ºÅ׸£´ã¿¡¼ ¼º¸Å¸Å¸¦ ½ÃÀÛÇß´Ù. ÇöÀç 44¼¼ÀÎ ±×³à´Â ¡°¿µ¾÷ ÁßÀΠâ¹®Çü ¼º¸Å¸Å ¾÷¼Ò°¡ ÁÙ¾îµé¸é¼ ¼º¸Å¸Å¾÷ Á¾»çÀÚµéÀº ´õ ³ôÀº ÀÓ´ë·á¸¦ ÁöºÒÇϰųª, °í¸³µÈ ÁýÀ̳ª °Å¸® µî ´õ À§ÇèÇÑ È¯°æ¿¡¼ ÀÏÀ» ÇØ¾ß ÇÏ´Â À§±â¿¡ óÇß´Ù¡±¶ó°í ÁöÀûÇß´Ù.
Majoor's concerns are echoed by other social workers active in the district. ¾Ï½ºÅ׸£´ã¿¡¼ Ȱµ¿ÇÏ´Â ´Ù¸¥ »çȸº¹Áö»çµéµµ ¸¶¿ä¸£ ¾¾ÀÇ ¿ì·Á¿¡ °ø°¨Çß´Ù.
"For us the main goal is that we really want to protect the women and we really want to see if their position is not in danger. If they feel like that, then we will go straight to the city council to talk about it," said Heleen Driessen, team manager at the state-subsidised Prostitution & Health Centre. ±¹°¡¿¡¼ º¸Á¶±ÝÀ» Áö±Þ¹Þ´Â ¼º¸Å¸Å & °Ç° ¼¾ÅÍ(Prostitution & Health Centre)ÀÇ ÆÀÀå Çï·¹ÀÎ µå¸®¿¡¼± ¾¾ÀÇ ¸»ÀÌ´Ù. ¡°¿ì¸®ÀÇ ÁÖ ¸ñÇ¥´Â ¼º¸Å¸Å ¿©¼ºµéÀ» º¸È£ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¿ì¸° ±×µéÀÌ À§Çè¿¡ óÇÏÁö ¾Ê±â¸¦ Áø½ÉÀ¸·Î ¹Ù¶õ´Ù. ¸¸¾à, ¼º¸Å¸Å ¿©¼ºµéÀÌ À§±â¿¡ óÇß´Ù°í ´À³¤´Ù¸é ¿ì¸° ´çÀå ½Ã ÀÇȸ·Î ´Þ·Á°¡ ÀÌ¿¡ ´ëÇØ ³íÀÇÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.¡±
In the streets of Amsterdam, opinions diverge. ¾Ï½ºÅ׸£´ã °Å¸®¿¡¼ ¸¸³ »ç¶÷µéÀÇ ÀǰߵéÀº ³ª´µ¾ú´Ù.
Toni, a former coffee shop owner who was recently forced to close her business after more than 15 years of selling cannabis to tourists, said the city council is just trying to find ways to get more tax revenues. 15³â ³Ñ°Ô Ä¿ÇǼóÀ» ¿î¿µÇÏ¸ç °ü±¤°´µé¿¡°Ô ´ë¸¶Ãʸ¦ ÆÈ¾Ò´ø Åä´Ï ¾¾´Â ÃÖ±Ù °¡°Ô¸¦ ´Ý¾Æ¾ß Çß´Ù. ±×´Â ½ÃÀÇȸ°¡ ¼¼¼ö¸¦ ´Ã¸®±â À§ÇÑ ¹æ¾ÈÀ» ãÀ¸·Á ³ë·ÂÇϰí ÀÖ´Â °Í»ÓÀ̶ó°í ÁÖÀåÇß´Ù.
"They don't want the low worthy tourism, they want a high class tourism so the coffee shops, they don't like it anymore," she said. ¡°½Ã ´ç±¹Àº µ·¹úÀ̰¡ ¾È µÇ´Â °ü±¤ »ç¾÷À» ¿øÄ¡ ¾Ê´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×µéÀº °í±Þ °ü±¤°´À» ²ø¾îµéÀÏ »ç¾÷À» ¿øÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¡¼ Ä¿ÇÇ¼ó¿¡ ´õ ÀÌ»ó °ü½ÉÀÌ ¾ø´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù.¡±
Some visitors to the area said the clamp down could be a good thing. È«µî°¡ Áö¿ªÀ» ¹æ¹®ÇÑ ¸î¸î »ç¶÷µéÀº ´Ü¼ÓÀÌ ÁÁÀº ÀÏÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í ¸»Çß´Ù.
"If they really make the legislation like this to protect the prostitutes to stop the traffic, I think it's a good thing," said Liviu Geaman, an Amsterdam resident from Romania. ¾Ï½ºÅ׸£´ã¿¡¼ Åõ¼÷Çϰí ÀÖ´Â ·ç¸¶´Ï¾Æ Ãâ½ÅÀÇ ¸®ºñ¿ì °Ô¾Æ¸¸ ¾¾´Â ¡°¼º¸Å¸Å ¿©¼ºÀ» º¸È£Çϰí ÀνŸŸŸ¦ ¸·±â À§ÇØ ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¹ý·üÀ» Á¦Á¤ÇÑ °Å¶ó¸é, ÁÁÀº ÀÏÀ̶ó°í »ý°¢ÇÑ´Ù¡±¶ó°í ¸»Çß´Ù.
But other visitors pointed out it would reduce the number of tourists that visit the city every year. ÇÏÁö¸¸ ¾Ï½ºÅ׸£´ãÀÇ ¿¬(æÄ) °ü±¤°´ ¼ö°¡ ÁÙ¾îµé °Å¶ó°í ÁöÀûÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷µéµµ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.
"There's also a lot of human trafficking so it needs to be regulated but it would hurt tourism at the same time. Yes, for sure," said Jiske Bronke who is from The Hague. ³×´ú¶õµå ÇìÀ̱׿¡¼ ¿Â Áö½ºÄÉ ºê·ÐÄÉ ¾¾´Â ¡°À̰÷¿¡¼ ÀνŸŸŰ¡ ¸¹ÀÌ ÀϾ°í Àֱ⠶§¹®¿¡ ±ÔÁ¦´Â ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ µ¿½Ã¿¡ °ü±¤»ê¾÷µµ ÇÇÇØ¸¦ ÀÔÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. È®½ÇÇÏ´Ù¡±¶ó°í ¸»Çß´Ù.
"It's bad for Amsterdam. Amsterdam, it's the red light district and if they move it, Amsterdam is dead," said Jerry, who has lived in Amsterdam for four years. ¾Ï½ºÅ׸£´ã¿¡¼ 4³â °£ °ÅÁÖÇÑ Á¦¸® ¾¾´Â ¡°¾Ï½ºÅ׸£´ã¿¡´Â ÁÁÁö ¾ÊÀº ÀÏÀÌ´Ù. ¾Ï½ºÅ׸£´ãÀº È«µî°¡À̰í, ÀÌ È«µî°¡¸¦ ¿Å±â¸é ¾Ï½ºÅ׸£´ãÀº Á״´١±¶ó°í ¸»Çß´Ù.
With the Red Light District re-development project coming to a conclusion in 2015, and with a nation-wide government ban on the sale of cannabis to foreigners looming, the dimming of the red lights might mean a new era for Amsterdam. 2015³â È«µî°¡ Àç°³¹ß ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®°¡ ¸¶¹«¸®µÇ°í, ³×´ú¶õµå Àü¿ª¿¡¼ ¿Ü±¹Àο¡ ´ëÇÑ ´ë¸¶ÃÊ ÆÇ¸Å°¡ ±ÝÁöµÇ¸é È«µî°¡¿¡´Â À§±â¿Í ¾îµÒÀÌ Ã£¾Æ¿Ã °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ ÀÌ´Â ¾Ï½ºÅ׸£´ãÀÌ »õ·Î¿î ½Ã´ë¸¦ ¸Â°Ô µÈ´Ù´Â °É ÀǹÌÇÒ ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù.
But for the city's sex workers, it' remains to be seen if it will improve or worsen their working conditions. ÇÏÁö¸¸ ¾Ï½ºÅ׸£´ã ¼º¸Å¸Å¾÷ Á¾»çÀÚµéÀÇ ÀÏÀÚ¸® ȯ°æÀÌ ÁÁ¾ÆÁúÁö ³ªºüÁúÁö´Â µÎ°í ºÁ¾ß ¾Ë °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
¹ø¿ª=ÃÖÁ¤¾Æ µ¿¾Æ´åÄÄ ±âÀÚ cja0917@donga.com
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